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The Mongol empire founded by Chingiz Khan and furthered by his sons and grandsons was remarkable in practicing religious freedom as a state policy. The early Khans did not enforce their ancestral Altaic religion of Tengriism on their subjects and allowed them to follow their own religions towards which they maintained a curious but largely non-interfering disposition.
Jul 26, 2012 - Uma-Mahesvara from Dhaka Dt, black stone H:31in x 14in., Dhaka Museum, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- “Russia does not really give a damn about Syria in particular.” Err. Syria has been a Russian client state since 1957. If you don’t know that, I’m not sure how seriously people should take geopolitical analysis from Jim’s Blog.
- Posts about Dakshinamurthy written by sreenivasaraos. Continued from Part One. Let’s now come to the questions you framed. Why Dakshinamurthi facing South direction?
- In desperation, supporters of the AIT (both Leftist and other anti-Hindu elements as well as staunch but racist-casteist Hindus like Manasataramgini and Kalavai Venkat and their fans and followers) are today abandoning these three sciences and latching on to extremely dubious and fake pop-'Genetic' arguments to fight their ideological battles.
- A Mysterious Verse Of A Siddha Manasa Taramgini manasataramgini.wordpress.com. Apparently, it was recorded by the great kaula mantravAdin of chidambaram, maheshvarAnandanAtha.
Indeed, when asked by Christian missionaries from Europe to convert, Möngke Khan, the grandson of Chingiz Khan, at the pinnacle of Mongol power, told them that the Mongols held that there were several valid paths to heaven even as the five fingers of the hand are all not the same. This policy of the Mongol Khanate was the same as what is peculiarly termed as true “secularism” in the modern Indian state. Many Hindus are of the view that this is indeed to solution to India’s religious fissures and the ideal policy for a state. However, history teaches us that Islam was successful in destroying the religiously tolerant system established by the Mongols and establishing itself as the exclusive religion of many of the successor Mongols states.
Dreezy body ft jeremih lyrics. Chingiz Khan
With that in place many of these states became Jihad states which waged war for the establishment of Islam, for example the Timurid state, which gave rise to the Mogul empire in India. Thus, in the match between “secularism” (as desired by many Hindus) and Islam, the verdict clearly favored the latter. Moreover, despite repeated overtures of the Mongols to the Christian Europeans form a common front against their Islamic enemies, such an alliance never fructified. The cause for this is largely attributable to Christianity coming in the way of a meaningful alliance with heathens.
By and large, Hindu rulers, even when they had their own strong personal religious preferences, followed something similar to the practice of the heathen Mongol Khans. In the early historical period, this applied both to indigenous religions with divergent views from the āstika core, such as the systems founded by the Tāthāgata, Maskarin Gośāla and Vardhamāna, as well as foreign religions brought by culturally and linguistically related peoples like the Greeks and Iranians.
Notably, the early Greek and Iranic immigrants were entirely integrated into the larger Hindu system, while contributing some elements to it (e.g. horoscopic astrology). Thus, they were assimilated (of course one can still detect some genomic signals of their origins) with only a few distinct cultural traces remaining behind (e.g. the śākadvīpin brāhmaṇa-s). Hindu rulers also extended similar freedoms to the Abrahamic religions that reached India at different points in history. While some followers of these religions might have outwardly acquired Hindu paraphernalia, we argue that their case is rather unlike that of the earlier heathen immigrants.
To get a picture of this, we may start with the case of the southern Indian province of Cerapāda (roughly modern Kerala). In 1502-1503 CE the Portuguese marauder Vasco da Gama was visited by Kerala Syrian Christians from Kodungallur. These Christians had been living there for centuries, having been given shelter by the Cera rulers. They imitated many Hindu practices such as pūjā and the infantile rite of annaprāśna. When they met Gama, they offered him a red wooden staff with silver ends and three silver bells on it as a ceremonial indication of their accepting the overlordship of the Portuguese king Manuel. They proposed an alliance with the Portuguese marauders on the basis of their shared faith against the Hindus under whose refuge they had so greatly prospered.
Further, four Syriac bishops Mar Jaballaha, Mar Denha, Mar Jacob and Mar Thomas wrote a letter to the Portuguese calling them their brethren, expressing their wish to bring spices to them, and seeking the support of the “King of the Christians” against the pagans. Ironically, the first Syriac Christians to reach India were fleeing the Zoroastrian Sassanian emperors, who clamped down on them for aiding their enemy, the Christian Byzantine Empire, from within. After being provided refuge by the Hindu rulers for long, they now turned against them, even as they had done earlier against the Iranians. This happened right after their first ever contact with the alien Portuguese, who ironically were to eventually declare their own church as being full of heresies.
Moving forward a few centuries, in 1766 Nawab Haidar Ali, the Mohammedan warlord from Karnataka, made an incursion into the Malabar region of Kerala. Here, he was joined by a force of about 10,000-strong armed Moplahs. These Moplahs as their name indicates (from māppilai: son-in-law) were Mohammedans of mixed descent from Arabs and coastal folk from Kerala. They had been provided shelter by the Sāmūtiri for centuries. Thus, they had thrived as a community, achieving a high degree of mercantile success under benign Hindu lords, and had even been appointed to high commissions in Sāmūtiri armed forces. However, at the arrival of an invading Mohammedan, they turned against their neighbors, joining arms with their coreligionists to commit terrible atrocities against them. It did not end with that—the Moplahs continued the war against their neighbors all the way until they established the Caliphate in Eranad and Walluvanad under Mohammad Haji as part of the rebellion to revive the dead Osman Empire of Turkey (1919-1924 CE).
For the next exhibit from Cerapāda we shall move even closer to our times. The shrine atop the Śabari hillock houses the image of the god Ārya, who is rather popular in Southern India. In 1950 CE this ancient shrine was broken into and set on fire. The investigation by the team of Kesava Menon, the Inspector-general, CID revealed that this act of arson was the deliberate handiwork of Kerala Christians, some of whom ran a poaching ring in the forests around the shrine. This is what the Hindus got in return for their peaceful coexistence – indeed the very epitome of what is today called “secularism” in India.
The case of Cerapāda is important because it is one place where both the Christians and Mohammedans initially came as refugees or peaceful immigrants and had coexisted with their Hindu hosts for a long time. Yet none of this mattered much when they indulged in violence against their hosts inspired by their religions.
Not surprisingly, similar events have repeatedly played out all over India. For example, one could cite the critical betrayal of the Vijayanagara army by two large Mohammedan divisions at the ill-fated battle-ground of Talikota. In the early 1800s, during the Anglo-Maraṭhā wars, the intelligence leaks and unreliability of European mercenaries against their coreligionists, the English, were major factors in the loss of the Maraṭhā-s. In both these cases the Hindus acted keeping with the tradition of “secularism”, hiring only by merit and not based on religious considerations. However, the religion of their mercenary hires played a major role in precipitating their ultimate actions contrary to the interests of their employers. In contrast, one might note that the Mongols who joined the Rājpūt ranks during the life-and-death struggle between the Chāhamāna-s and Alla-ad-din Khalji were faithful to their employers despite many attempts by the Mohammedans to entice them to their side with promises of high office with the Islamic system.
A person with a secular bent of mind might post a retort saying that we are being selective and point to a list of examples such as Āmbhi of Takṣaśila, Jayacandra, certain Reḍḍi-s, Śilāditya or Sūryājī Pisaḻ. We argue that these are acts of individuals and very much unlike the religiously approved betrayals of trust by the Mohammedans or Christians employed by religiously tolerant heathens.
To understand this better, one must get to the pith of what is termed the principle of Mosaic distinction (vide Jan Assmann) which sets apart the Abrahamisms from the natural religions of the heathens. To quote from Assmann’s work on the topic, The Price of Monotheism:
Before this shift [i.e. origin of monotheism and the Mosaic distinction] there were only tribal and “polytheistic” cult and national religions, which had evolved over time; afterwards, new religions emerged to rival and increasingly supplant these historically evolved religions, several of which still survive in various cultures today. These new religions are all monotheisms, religions of the book (or revealed religions), and world religions… What all of these religions have in common is an emphatic concept of truth. They all rest on a distinction between true and false religion, proclaiming a truth that does not stand in a complementary relationship to other truths, but consigns all traditional or rival truths to the realm of falsehood. This exclusive truth is something genuinely new, and its novel, exclusive and exclusionary character is clearly reflected in the manner in which it is communicated and codified. It claims to have been revealed to humankind once and for all, since no path of merely human fashioning could have led from the experiences accumulated over countless generations to this goal; and it has been deposited in a canon of sacred texts, since no cult or rite would have been capable of preserving this revealed truth down the ages. From the world-disclosing force of this truth, the new or secondary religions draw the antagonistic energy that allows them to recognize and condemn falsehood, and to expound the truth in a normative edifice of guidelines, dogmas, behavioral precepts, and salvational doctrines. The truth derives its depth, its clear contours, and its capacity to orient and direct action from this antagonistic energy, and from the sure knowledge of what is incompatible with the truth. These new religions can therefore perhaps be characterized most adequately by the term “counterreligion.” For these religions, and for these religions alone, the truth to be proclaimed comes with an enemy to be fought. Only they know of heretics and pagans, false doctrine, sects, superstition, idolatry, magic, ignorance, unbelief, heresy, and whatever other terms have been coined to designate what they denounce, persecute and proscribe as manifestations of untruth.[Underlining added]
The key point here is that with the Mosaic distinction, which defines the Abrahamic religions, there automatically emerges an enemy who needs to be battled. When the followers of such religions live in the midst of heathens (e.g. in Hindu India, the ancient Roman empire, the early Mongol empire, pre-modern China or late medieval Japan) this enemy becomes very visible to them in the form of the heathens who surround them in flesh and blood. No longer are these heathens a matter of mythic satire alluded to in their religious book. Thus, the potential to fight this enemy, which is inherent to their ideologies now openly manifests itself. This is especially the case whenever they sense gaining the upper hand as seen in the cases alluded to before.
In the past decade, the UPA government with its Italian leader used the Hindu fascination for what is called “secularism” in Indian usage to sneak in a wide range of individuals and provisions to favor the cult of Jesus and Mohammedanism.
Julio Riberio
Even before this, the fascination for secularism under the earlier Congress and NDA governments had led to some such appointments. This included people in positions of power and influence, such as the chief of the Indian Navy, a high-ranked police officer, a chairperson of the Censor Board (all three Christians), a chief justice of India (a Mohammedan) and other judges (Christians). With the coming to power of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, two of these have made statements claiming persecution of Christians by Hindus in India – the martyrdom narrative is an inherent feature of Jan Assmann’s “counterreligions” evolving with the emergence of the Mosaic distinction. These statements have clearly been made in response to incitement by the West, which has always used Indian Christians as an extension of their power to force decisions in India.
In light of the evidence from history as well as recent times (e.g. the West-backed Christian role in protests against a nuclear power plant in Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu), and the ideological foundations of Mohammedanism and the Jesus cult which derive from the Mosaic distinction, appointments of followers of these religions can prove detrimental to the Indian state. In particular, appointments to the judiciary have the potential of being doubly pernicious in their effect. The renowned legal scholar Werner Menski states in Comparative Law in Global Context:
Hindu legal concepts are inherently inimical to strictly monotheistic revelation-based legal regulation or Austinian positivism. Current fears that a resurgence of Hinduness would lead to dramatic legal changes are therefore quite baseless, even frivolous. Some academics seem to have become masters at playing with such confusions for the sake of academic profiling, without checking their understanding of Hindu law.
Such dramatic positioning on many stages shows that Hindu law is still being challenged, and is on the defensive today, over specific issues and as a legal system in its own right. To many Hindus, however, their concepts of truth seem so universal that they are unchallengeable. All others are happily invited to state their own positions within this universalising Hindu ambit, one aspect of the well-known Hindu ‘tolerance’ towards other traditions. Thus, as long as Christians and Muslims are prepared to accept that their respective Gods are but one of many, and respect the Hindu method of postponing final judgment on Truth into limitless eternity, co-existence and toleration can be practised. But if non-Hindus seek to ridicule Hinduism and its underlying values, insisting that they alone are right, then defence mechanisms can be triggered off and there may be violence.
Thus, the appointments of Mohammedans or worshipers of Jesus as judges would not just be a weak link in system but would also threaten the very fabric of law of India by unthinkingly forcing fundamentally incompatible legal positions on the underlying Hindu system. This can take India closer to violent upheavals.
In conclusion, going entirely against “secular” positions, Hindus should limit the role of monotheists in their political, legal and administrative apparatus. Failure to do so will only help the West use the Christians as a potent force to tie down India and help Mohammedans control even larger chunks with of territory in Jambdudvīpa. Finally, it should be borne in mind that the demographic projections suggest that the issue is only likely to worsen rather than improve going forward.
Manasataramgini Arjuna
Further reading:
Manasataramgini Indra
- The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama by Sanjay Subrahmanyam
- Malabar and the Portuguese by KM Pannikar
- Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting: Two Sides of the Raising of Military Forces By Peter Karsten
- The Price of Monotheism by Jan Assmann
- Comparative Law in Global Context by Werner Menski
- https://manasataramgini.wordpress.com/2011/05/20/some-notes-on-rashid-ad-din-bin-imad-ud-dawla-abul-khair-and-his-times/
- https://manasataramgini.wordpress.com/2011/10/09/yuddha-vyuha-s-mlechcha-s-and-vanija-niti-in-the-last-hindu-empire/
- https://vajrin.wordpress.com/2013/01/13/sveta-tvaca-raks-asa-s-portuguese-in-malabar-religious-intolerance-and-treachery-of-syrian-christians/
- https://storify.com/blog_supplement/arya-or-shastr-i
Manasataramgini Complete Index
The author is a practitioner of sanAtana dharma. Student, explorer, interpreter of patterns in nature, minds and first person experience. A svacchanda.
We had promised a blog post on hedonism & its destructive effects on a civilization but put it off due to laziness but finally got around to it.
Repeatedly we see fire brand Mullah’s & Christian preachers rebuking the West for what they claim is its “hedonism” which they identify with phenomena such as abortion, family breakdown, consumerism, materialism etc. The question is, are they right?
From our study of history, they appear to be correct though Hindu admirers of the West may protest as it goes against all their cherished ideals.
The signs of a decaying society are many but none is as important as a society that cannot replace its dying members i.e. a society with a below replacement birth rate. Thus we will discuss the topic of hedonism with this in mind.
Ancient Greece & Rome:
Many Hindus including the ones who are supposedly involved with Hindu activism have a very poor understanding of their own history leave alone the history of ancient Greece and Rome. But the study of the downfall of these two civilizations is very important because the very same enemies which destroyed them are now trying to destroy us (see: http://manasataramgini.wordpress.com/2013/02/10/the-end-of-the-heathens/).
Manasataramgini
Greece was once a glorious heathen civilization but became a vassal of the Roman Empire because of different reasons. One of these reasons seems to have been identified by the Greek historian Polybius whose writings describe the rise of Rome and its domination of Greece. According to Polybius:
In our own time the whole of Greece has been subject to a low birth-rate and a general decrease of the population, owing to which cities have become deserted and the land has ceased to yield fruit, although there have neither been continuous wars nor epidemics. 6 If, then, any p385one had advised us to send and ask the gods about this, and find out what we ought to say or do, to increase in number and make our cities more populous, would it not seem absurd, the cause of the evil being evident and the remedy being in our own hands?º7For as men had fallen into such a state of pretentiousness, avarice, and indolence that they did not wish to marry, or if they married to rear the children born to them, or at most as a rule but one or two of them, so as to leave these in affluence and bring them up to waste their substance, the evil rapidly and insensibly grew. 8 For in cases where of one or two children the one was carried off by war and the other by sickness, it is evident that the houses must have been left unoccupied, and as in the case of swarms of bees, so by small degrees cities became resourceless and feeble. 9 About this it was of no use at all to ask the gods to suggest a means of deliverance from such an evil. 10 For any ordinary man will tell you that the most effectual cure had to be men’s own action, in either striving after other objects, or if not, in passing laws making it compulsory to rear children.
Greece continued as a civilization (though shorn of its former glory) because the conquering Romans were also heathens who admired Greek civilization but the entry of Abrahamics will change the dynamics as we shall see.
Around 150 years after Polybius wrote the above, the Romans themselves seemed to have succumbed to the same hedonism and stopped having enough children which prompted Emperor Augustus to make a passionate speech condemning the childless as worse than murderers while he praised the prolific. The entire speech is available online and we highly recommend the hedonists who populate the so called “Hindu right” to read it:
Manasataramgini Race
As can be seen, the Emperor was rightly concerned the destructive effects of a below replacement birth rate thanks to the hedonism which seems to have infected the prosperous Romans. But passionate speeches apart, there seems to have been no great change in the attitude of the Roman populace and things continued on a similar path. This may not have been so destructive if a new Abrahamic virus known as Christianity had not arisen and preached very different values. Christianity was to ultimately put an end to the Greco-Roman civilization for good.
The Christian growth in the early Roman Empire has been explored by various authors including the Romans themselves. Kelsos/Celsus for example claimed that the Christians proselytized among women, slaves, and the uneducated because they feared knowledge. Proselytization no doubt played a part in Christian growth, but a good chunk of the growth also seems to have come from their higher birth rates because the Christians condemned harmful acts such as abortion and infanticide. For example in his “The Rise of Christianity” Rod Stark makes the claim that from an insignificant cult the Christians grew to become 18% of the Roman Empire by the time of Constantine. Other scholars estimate them as being around 10%. Variations in estimates apart, the reasons Stark gives are eye opening and deserve consideration. One of the reasons he offers is that the Christians by encouraging marriage and childbearing promoted higher birth rates among their own community. At the same time the Pagans were either stagnant or in decline because of the hedonism condemned by Emperor Augustus which resulted in things such as abortion, infanticide, bachelorhood. In time the Christians grew powerful enough demographically that Constantine declared their religion to be official and set about exterminating the pagans, the rest as they say is history and this marked the end of the road for our heathen cousins in that part of the world.
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Some may say this is speculation, to that we answer that it is well founded speculation as the same trends are visible in the modern world to those who wish to see. One may refer to the works of the authors Eric Kaufmann & Michael Blume for more on this point:
Interested people are also advised to watch the following talk by Kaufmann:
So much for Ancient Greece & Rome, in a subsequent post we shall analyze more modern trends including the trend among Hindus as we are seen sliding down the same decadent path (aided & abetted by the “Hindu right”) as our ancient cousins.